Research Article: Religious Tolerance in Malaysia: A Social Identity Approach. pp. 47-71.

Author: Wong Kee Sing

Keywords: Religious tolerance, national identity, superordinate identity, recategorisation, social identity theory, common ingroup identity, Malaysian.

Abstract

Malaysia encounters constant challenges with racial and religious intolerance. This paper offers an approach to religious tolerance in Malaysia. Previous works have primarily focused on interfaith dialogues and learning about other faiths to increase tolerance. Many acknowledge the effectiveness of the religious dialogue and contact approach in preserving religious toleration. However, religious tolerance in Malaysia has not been adequately studied from a social identity perspective. The paper hopes to fill the theoretical gap in this respect by doing so. The study draws upon previous and existing literatures on inter-religious tolerance and the social identity approach in investigating how identity is relevant in promoting interreligious relations (tolerance). This paper reviews that superordinate identity (common ingroup identity) is a sound means that can foster religious tolerance in Malaysia. The conceptual framework study proposes that Malaysian, a national identity, as a superordinate identity, is a more inclusive and embracing identity that needs to be emphasised in the Malaysian context, as this identity will improve religious tolerance.

Published
Date: May 2026

Issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.70600/jrpl.v3i1.006